主要综述高分辨血管成像技术及其在生物医学领域中的应用，侧重评述适用于高分辨血管图像的定量表征方法。血管图像定量表征主要包括3个步骤：图像预处理、血管图像重建及定量特征获取、定量参数的统计学分析。同时，对每个步骤中所涉及的算法流程、准确性评估及后续算法的优化方向进行详尽的阐述。此外，探讨多种血管和血流参数所反映的生物学信息在临床上的参考意义，并结合具体的疾病场景，介绍多参数分析模型在区分不同疾病发展阶段方面的能力。本文的阐述不仅体现了高分辨血管成像技术及定量表征方法的潜在价值，也展示了它们在推进生物医学基础研究和临床诊断等方面的光明前景。

The cervix is a collagen-rich connective tissue that must remain closed during pregnancy while undergoing progressive remodeling in preparation for delivery, which begins before the onset of the preterm labor process. Therefore, it is important to resolve the changes of collagen fibers during cervical remodeling for the prevention of preterm labor. Herein, we assessed the spatial organization of collagen fibers in a three-dimensional (3D) context within cervical tissues of mice on day 3, 9, 12, 15 and 18 of gestation. We found that the 3D directional variance, a novel metric of alignment, was higher on day 9 than that on day 3 and then gradually decreased from day 9 to day 18. Compared with two-dimensional (2D) approach, a higher sensitivity was achieved from 3D analysis, highlighting the importance of truly 3D quantification. Moreover, the depth-dependent variation of 3D directional variance was investigated. By combining multiple 3D directional variance-derived metrics, a high level of classification accuracy was acquired in distinguishing different periods of pregnancy. These results demonstrate that 3D directional variance is sensitive to remodeling of collagen fibers within cervical tissues, shedding new light on highly-sensitive, early detection of preterm birth (PTB).

Among all the structural formations, fiber-like structure is one of the most common modalities in organisms that undertake essential functions. Alterations in spatial organization of fibrous structures can reflect information of physiological and pathological activities, which is of significance in both researches and clinical applications. Hence, the quantification of subtle changes in fiber-like structures is potentially meaningful in studying structure-function relationships, disease progression, carcinoma staging and engineered tissue remodeling. In this study, we examined a wide range of methodologies that quantify organizational and morphological features of fibrous structures, including orientation, alignment, waviness and thickness. Each method was demonstrated with specific applications. Finally, perspectives of future quantification analysis techniques were explored.

近年来，面向生物组织大深度光学成像的方法不断发展，其中包括光学相干层析、多光子成像和自适应光学等。介绍了浙江大学光电科学与工程学院近年来在生物组织大深度定量光学成像方面的一系列重要进展，包括光学相干层析结构与功能成像、基于三光子荧光显微的大深度脑血管成像和新型的畸变误差波前校正方法等，并进一步概述了如何对上述方法获取的光学图像实施定量表征以获取生物组织的生理与病理信息。

光学相干层析成像(OCT)能通过微型光纤探头实现人体内部组织和器官的三维结构或功能成像，在生物医学成像领域具有重要应用。本课题组提出并改进了基于大纤芯光纤的微型探头，同时通过调制大纤芯光纤的模式能量分布、模式相位差、模式干涉场的放大方式以及模式数量实现了出射光束的调控和成像性能的优化，以期同时获得较高的横向分辨率、较长的焦深和工作距以及较好的轴向光强均匀性。本文提出了相应的快速仿真方法，解决了模式数量多、模式干涉场复杂情况下探头参数的优化问题。仿真和实验显示，基于大纤芯光纤的探头能实现2～3.8倍的焦深拓展和2.1倍的工作距拓展，且在成像效果上相对于传统光纤探头有显著提升。由于具有尺寸小、成像质量好、结构牢固的优点，基于大纤芯光纤的探头在OCT内窥成像尤其是窄小空间内的高分辨率成像方面具有巨大的应用潜力。

利用高维最大纠缠量子态作为信道, 提出一种不对称受控双向隐形传态方案。 通信双方 Alice、Bob 和控制者 Charlie 事先秘密共享纠缠态, 用于构建量子信道。通信开始后, 根据纠缠粒子的分发方式以及对测量基的不同选择, 通信双方 Alice 和 Bob 可以在控制者 Charlie 的监督下, 以一定概率分别将一个高维单粒子态和一个高维二粒子态传送给对方, 进而通过对测量基的优化进一步提升传输成功概率, 使得传输成功概率从 1/d 提升到 1, 最终实现完美隐形传态。所提出方案中只使用广义贝尔基测量及单粒子测量, 在物理上容易实现。改进后的方案中, Charlie 可以对两条信道进行控制, 提高了方案的安全性。

We propose a k-domain spline interpolation method with constrained polynomial fit based on spectral phase in swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). A Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) unit is connected to the swept-source of the SS-OCT system to generate calibration signal in sync with the fetching of interference spectra. The spectral phase of the calibration signal is extracted by Hilbert transformation. The fitted phase–time relationship is obtained by polynomial fitting with the constraint of passing through the central spectral phase. The fitting curve is then adopted for k-domain uniform interpolation based on evenly spaced phase. In comparison with conventional k-domain spline interpolation, the proposed method leads to improved axial resolution and peak response of the axial point spread function (PSF) of the SS-OCT system. Enhanced performance resulting from the proposed method is further verified by OCT imaging of a home-constructed microspheres-agar sample and a fresh lemon. Besides SS-OCT, the proposed method is believed to be applicable to spectral domain OCT as well.